Testing of Diesel Exhaust Fluid   What is AdBlue? AdBlue is a DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid) which assists in reducing the harmful nitrogen-oxide emissions that are produced by diesel engines. AdBlue is a registered trademark for AUS32 or Aqueous Urea Solution. AdBlue is a trademark owned by The German Association of the Automotive Industry VDA (Verband der Automobilindustrie). The right to use the name AdBlue can only be acquired by a license. A non-toxic, crystal clear & synthetically produced solution. Used in SCR system to reduce NOx emissions from exhaust of diesel vehicles. It is carried in an additional tank that is fitted by the vehicle manufacturer. ISO 22241 standard ensures its consistent quality. AdBlue is a 32.5% solution of urea in deionised water. AdBlue is a clear, non-toxic liquid that is safe to handle and does not damage the environment. AdBlue is a high specification solution and is manufactured to the DIN 70070 and ISO 22241 standards Sample Test Report of AdBlue   The above mentioned chemical characteristics are test to meet the AdBlue quality as per ISO -22241. 1.      Urea Content:- Concentration of urea in the AdBlue solution is measured by determination of refractive index, relative to air, for AdBlue solution.   Apparatus Refractometer – devices used to measure refractive index at a reference wave length of 589.3 nm, Chemicals Deionize or Distilled Certified Reference material CRM (Fluid with known refractive index).     2.      Alkalinity as Ammonia :- Determination of Ammonia content in Urea Solution (AdBlue) corresponding to the pH value, Potentiometric titration of free ammonia with standard volumetric hydrochloric acid solution.   Apparatus Analytical Balance, (Resolution – 1gram). Automatic Potentiometer, (Resolution – 01 pH). Magnetic Beaker, Size – 150ml, 250ml, Measuring cylinder 50ml, 100ml,   Chemicals Hydrochloric acid (conc. – 01ml/L. Buffer Solutions of corresponding pH (4.008, 184, 8.000 & 6.860).     3.      Biuret Content :- Determination of the biuret content of AUS 32 with contents of biuret with 0.1% (mass fraction) to 0.5 % (mass fraction) by photometric method.   Apparatus Laboratory balance, (Resolution – 0,001g ) Vacuum filtration (Filter size- 0,45 µm) Spectrophotometer, (550 nm, 10-50 mm cell) Volumetric flasks 50ml, 100ml, 250ml, 500ml, Pipettes (2 length) Rotary Constant temperature   Chemicals Distilled or deionized water with conductivity less than 5 mS/m. Copper sulphite Alkaline potassium sodium tartrate- Biuret- standard Standard acid (H2SO4 or HCL). 4.        Aldehyde Content :- Determination of free and bound aldehyde (Formaldehyde) from size 0.5 to 10 mg/kg in AdBlue solution.   Apparatus Laboratory Volumetric Pipettes   Chemicals Chemicals of analytic Sulphuric Chromo tropic Formaldehyde standard   5.      Insoluble Matters :- Determination of Insoluble matter in AdBlue solution by gravimetric method. The resolution size residue matter is 1 mg/kg.   Apparatus Filtration equipment for vacuum Membrane Petri dish with cover Flat-tipped Analytical Glass Drying Desiccator filled with a drying Standard laboratory   Chemicals Distilled or deionized   6.      Phosphate content :- Determination of the content of total phosphorus as phosphate in AdBlue with content size (0.05-10 mg/kg)   Apparatus Analytical Incineration Heating plate or sand Muffle furnace (700 °C). Spectrophotometer (for use at 800 nm with 1 cm cuvette). Cells (optical glass type). Graduated flasks Bulb   Chemicals Distilled or deionized Calcium Hydrochloric acid (25% concentration). Sulphuric acid (96% concentration). Ascorbic Ammonium hepta-molybdate tetra Phosphate stock Potassium hydrogen Molybdate